Spelling when “ba” and “pa” sound the same There are a number of different theoretical models that seek to answer that question. Yet just how these structural differences lead to impaired reading and writing performance is still a matter of debate. These differences seem to be more prominent in the left hemisphere of the brain - the hemisphere that is typically described as the “language-relevant” side. There is a broad consensus that specific brain regions are structurally different in dyslexics than in the rest of the population. Over the past decades, numerous studies have sought to identify the physiological underpinnings of dyslexia. This suggests that physiological factors are at the root of this disorder. One robust finding is that dyslexia does not occur randomly, but that in many cases parents or siblings of dyslexic children also show impaired reading and or writing skills. Certain brain regions are structurally different in people with dyslexia Consequently, symptoms often persist into adulthood. However, so far there is no effective treatment or therapy. Those who suffer from dyslexia usually develop strategies to deal with their disorder. Moreover, dyslexics are more likely than non-dyslexics to report lower self-esteem and emotional disorders such as depression or anxiety. Reading and writing skills are important predictors of school grades and, perhaps even more important, of success in later professional life. Why is it important to look more closely at dyslexia? We need only remember how essential written language is in our culture. The prevalence of dyslexia is much higher among speakers of English and German, languages in which there are many exceptions and in which letters and sounds are not always congruent. In languages with a high level of congruence between written letters and pronunciation, fewer people are affected. The number of people who suffer from dyslexia differs from one language to another. However, there is considerable variability in how profoundly an individual’s skills are affected. In Western countries, about 1 person in 10 suffers from this disorder. Dyslexia is a developmental disorder that results when certain structures in the brain fail to develop as they do in non-dyslexic children. People suffering from dyslexia are not lazy, nor do their parents fail to support them appropriately. “Dyslexia does not occur randomly it is common for parents or siblings of dyslexic children to show impaired reading and writing skills as well.”ĭyslexia is a condition characterized by profoundly diminished reading and/or writing skills that cannot be explained by a lack of education, intelligence or motivation. Does this sound exhausting? Well, this is life for people suffering from a reading and writing disorder known as dyslexia. Imagine how it would feel to struggle with orthography to such an extent that you would rather simply meet people in person or call them instead of writing an email. Now imagine what your day would be like if reading took three times as long because you had to put together one syllable after another in a painstaking process, hoping that it would result in a semantically meaningful word. How many emails, WhatsApp messages and text messages are you likely to write? Do you read the newspapers or check for the latest news online? How much time do you spend reading and writing at work? This insight might lead to an effective long-term treatment for dyslexia. Teaching the brain to distinguish between elemental speech sounds helps dyslexic patients improve their reading and writing skills.
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